Changes between Version 22 and Version 23 of TestTutorialExperimentWorkflow


Ignore:
Timestamp:
02/06/13 11:10:19 (11 years ago)
Author:
hmussman@bbn.com
Comment:

--

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  • TestTutorialExperimentWorkflow

    v22 v23  
    33== Basic GENI Experiment Workflow ==
    44
    5 Version 0.9, January 25, 2013  [[BR]]
     5Version 1.0, February 4, 2013  [[BR]]
    66(after discussion with Vic and Jeanne on 010913)  [[BR]]
    77(after discussion with Jeanne on 012513)  [[BR]]
     8(after work on Sol r document on 012913)
    89
    910
     
    4041Experiment management tools utilized:
    4142
    42  - Gap:  Workflow description creation tool;  consider on-line entry or script
    43  
    44  - Option:  "GENI-in-a-box"
    45 
    46 In-slice services utilized: 
    47 
    48  
    49 Persistent services utilized: 
    50 
     43 - Gap:  Experiment planning tool, that assists an experimenter in designing an experiment configuration, and putting together a list of desired resources, desired tools (i.e., I&M) and available software.  Part of this tool could query GENI resources to evaluate potential availability.
     44 
     45 - Gap:  Experiment description tool, that allows the experimenter to precisely describe the steps of their experiment, and maintain a record of what was done.  A simple tool might allow the experimenter to record notes in an “online lab notebook”, while a much more complex tool might script much of the experiment.
     46 
     47 - GENI Storage Service client, that allows the experimenter to push/pull experiment artifacts  to/from the GENI Storage service, including rspecs, scripts, measurement data and associated descriptors.
     48 
     49 - Browser, to search and curate GUI on the GENI Storage service, that the experimenter can access using a browser.
     50 
     51 - Gap:  Image creation service(s), for target environemnt(s)
     52 
     53 - Option:  "GENI-in-a-box", to allow experimenter to prototype an experiment.
     54 
     55
     56
     57In-slice services utilized: 
     58
     59 
     60Persistent services utilized: 
     61
     62 - On-line repositories to retrieve/store images/packages/software
     63
     64 - GENI Storage Service (admin OOB, web, API)
     65
     66Artifacts utilized:
     67
     68 - Gap:  Artifacts from previous or reference experiments, used as templates for this experiment
     69 
     70 - Gap:  Experiment description;  consider text, DB entries and/or scripts;  consider structure in GENI Storage Service
     71
     72 - Gap:  List of all desired experiment resources, including services, software, rspecs, scripts;  consider structure in GENI Storage Service
     73
     74 - Images/packages/software for tools (i.e., GIMI and/or GEMINI I&M tools)
     75 
     76 - Images/packages/software for experiment application services
     77 
     78Status at completion:
     79
     80 - Experiment goals and strategy for results extablished
     81 
     82 - Experiment configuration identified, and mapped into avaialble resources, etc.
     83 
     84 - Found or designed and coded software, rspecs and scripts necessary for experiment application services
     85
     86 - Experiment process outlined
     87
     88 
     89=== 2)  Establish experiment management environment ===
     90
     912.1)  Establish user workspace environment, as repository for experiment management tools and local copy of some artifacts
     92
     932.2)  Gather (or create) the necessary certificates, logins, keys and credentials.
     94
     952.3)  Verify availability of necessary persistent services, and access to those services
     96
     972.4)  Verify availability of desired resources in aggregates, including nodes and networking resources, by querying aggregates and/or GMOC;  optionally, reserve scarce resources
     98
     99Experiment management tools utilized:
     100
     101 - Personal Linux user workspace environment for experimenter, with multiple windows, with browsers and command lines
     102 
     103 - Scripts to gather (or create) the necessary certificates, logins, keys and credentials.
     104
     105 - Option:  GENI Clearinghouse Portal, a tool with a graphical interface that allows an experimenter to gather (or create) the necessary certificates, logins, keys and credentials, keep them in a registry, and access them via API for use by other tools.
     106 
     107  - Gap:  Experiment description tool, that allows the experimenter to precisely describe the steps of their experiment, and maintain a record of what was done.  A simple tool might allow the experimenter to record notes in an “online lab notebook”, while a much more complex tool might script much of the experiment.
     108 
     109 - Gap:  Services availability tool, that verifies the availability of persistent services needed for this experiment (i.e., GENI Storage Service or Unified Network Information Service), and access to those services by this experimenter (i.e., they can still access their account on the GENI Storage Service).
     110 
     111 - Gap:  Resource availability tool, that verifies the availability of resources in aggregates, including nodes and networking resources, by querying aggregates and/or GMOC;  this then allows the experimenter to request resources that are likely to be available. 
     112 
     113 - Option:  Resource reservation tool, that would allow an experimenter to reserve scarce resources.
     114
     115 
     116In-slice services utilized: 
     117 
     118 
     119Persistent services utilized: 
     120
     121 - GENI CA
     122 
     123 - GENI SA
     124 
     125 - GENI Storage Service (admin OOB, web, API)
     126 
     127 - If using GIMI I&M tools:  GENI Messaging Service  (API)
     128 
     129 - If using GIMI I&M tools:  GIMI Portal Service (admin OOB, web, API)
     130 
     131 - If using GEMINI I&M tools:  Unified Network Information Service (UNIS) (web?, API)
     132 
     133 - If using GEMINI I&M tools:  GEMINI Portal Service (admin OOB, web, API)
     134 
     135
     136Artifacts utilized:
     137
     138 - Gap:  List of all desired experiment resources, including services, software, rspecs, scripts;  consider structure in GENI Storage Service
     139 
     140 - Experimenter usernames/passwords, certificates, keys, credentials
     141
     142Status at completion:
     143
     144 - Established user workspace environment, as repository for experiment management tools and local copy of some artifacts
     145 
     146 - Gathered necessary keys, passwords, certificates and credentials for experimenter
     147
     148 - Verified availability of necessary persistent services, and access to those services
     149
     150 - Verified availability of desired resources in aggregates
     151 
     152 - Optionally, reserved scarce resources
     153
     154
     155
     156
     157=== 3)  Obtain slice of GENI resources, and then install I&M and experiment software ===
     158
     1593.1)  Select target aggregates
     160
     1613.2)  Select desired software images/packages for I&M tools and experiment application services
     162
     1633.3)  Formulate slice topology for experiment, and build request rspec
     164
     1653.4)  Acquire slice of resources and load images/packages for I&M and experiment application services
     166
     1673.5)  Verify expected slice topology and installed images/packages/software for I&M and experiment services, on computing and on networking resources, based on manifest rspec returned from aggregates
     168
     169 
     170 
     171Experiment management tools utilized:
     172
     173 - Personal Linux user workspace environment for experimenter, with multiple windows, with browsers and command lines
     174 
     175 - Option:  GENI Clearinghouse Portal, a tool with a graphical interface that allows an experimenter to gather (or create) the necessary certificates, logins, keys and credentials, keep them in a registry, and access them via API for use by other tools.
     176
     177  - Gap:  Experiment description tool, that allows the experimenter to precisely describe the steps of their experiment, and maintain a record of what was done.  A simple tool might allow the experimenter to record notes in an “online lab notebook”, while a much more complex tool might script much of the experiment.
     178 
     179 - Browser, to access graphical tools.
     180 
     181 - FLACK and Flukes tools with graphical web interfaces have been built to allow an experimenter to define and request a topology in InstaGENI and ExoGENI racks, respectively.  With each tool, the desired topology is input using a graphical interface, a request is developed, and then submitted to selected AM(s).  After resources have been assigned, a manifest is returned, and it is used to drive a graphical display.  The FLACK tool can operate with the GENI AM API, but it is based on software technology that will soon be obsolete. The  Flukes tool uses only the FxoGENI SM API.  However, it can be used to setup a topology that spans multiple ExoGENI racks at multiple sites.
     182 
     183 - For both InstaGENI and ExoGENI racks, experimenter can run scripts in the user workspace, that use the OMNI tool to access GENI AM APIs, request resources using a request rspec, and receive back a manifest rspec.  Given a known-good request rspec, this is repeatable.  However, it is essentially impossible to create a non-trivial request rspec, and hard to make significant edits in a request rspec.  Thus, this approach has limited utility for an experimenter.
     184 
     185 - Gap:  Combined resource assignment tool, that allows an experimenter to define and request resources in both InstaGENI and/or ExoGENI racks, where the desired topology is input using a graphical interface, a request is developed, and then submitted to selected AM(s) using the GENI AM API.  After resources have been assigned, a manifest is returned, and it is used to drive a graphical display for verification.
     186
     187 - Gap:  Extensions to the combined assignment tool, that allow an experimenter to request advanced topologies, such as those that span multiple racks at multiple sites, tied together by extensive L2 and/or OF paths.  For example, this tool would automatically provide any necessary L2 or OF “stitching”.
     188
     189 - Gap:  Extensions to the combined assignment tool, that allow an experimenter to setup and manage opt-in traffic from the local site (e.g., a campus, via wired or wireless access arrangements).
     190
     191 - Gap:  Extensions to the combined assignment tool that allow an experimenter to modify a topology request, submit it, and then see a confirmation.  The request could be modified by changing the graphical input, or editing the request rspec.
     192
     193 - Gap:  Topology and installation verification tool, to verify expected slice topology and installed images/packages/software for I&M and experiment services, on computing and on networking resources, based on manifest rspec returned from aggregates and queries of the resources (i.e., ssh to each assigned host).
     194
     195 
     196In-slice services utilized: 
     197
     198 - If using GIMI I&M tools:  GIMI measurement point services;  optional GIMI measurement collection and presentation service(s)
     199 
     200 - If using GEMINI I&M tools:  GEMINI measurement point services;  GEMINI measurement sotrage and presentation service(s)
     201
     202 - Experiment application service(s)
     203 
     204 
     205Persistent services utilized: 
     206
     207 - Aggregate managers
     208 
    51209 - Repositories for images/packages/software
    52 
    53  - GENI Storage Service (admin OOB, web, API)
    54 
    55 Artifacts utilized:
    56 
    57  - Gap:  Artifacts from previous or reference experiments, used as tmeplates for this experiment
    58  
    59  - Gap:  Workflow description;  consider text, DB entries and/or scripts;  consider structure in GENI Storage Service
     210 
     211 - Unified Network Information Service (UNIS) (stores experiment topology, based on manifest rspec)
     212
     213 - Gap:  UNIS provides web interface to display topology
     214
     215
     216Artifacts utilized:
    60217
    61218 - Gap:  List of all desired experiment resources, including services, software, rspecs, scripts;  consider structure in GENI Storage Service
    62 
    63  - Images/packages/software for tools (i.e., GIMI and/or GEMINI I&M tools)
    64  
    65  - Images/packages/software for experiment application services
    66  
    67 Status at completion:
    68 
    69  - Experiment goals and strategy for results extablished
    70  
    71  - Experiment configuration identified, and mapped into avaialble resources, etc.
    72  
    73  - Found or designed and coded software, rspecs and scripts necessary for experiment application services
    74 
    75  - Experiment process outlined
    76 
    77  
    78 === 2)  Establish experiment management environment ===
    79 
    80 2.1)  Establish user workspace environment, as repository for experiment management tools and local copy of some artifacts
    81 
    82 2.2)  Gather necessary keys, passwords, certificates and credentials
    83 
    84 2.3)  Verify availability of necessary persistent services, and access to those services
    85 
    86 2.4)  Verify availability of desired resources in aggregates, including nodes and networking resources, by querying aggregates and/or GMOC;  optionally, reserve scarce resources
    87 
    88 Experiment management tools utilized:
    89 
    90  - User Workspace environment, including Linux with multiple windows, with browsers and command lines
    91 
    92  - Option:  use GENI CH Portal to obtain certificates, etc.
    93  
    94  - Gap:  Persistent services availability verification tool
    95  
    96  - Gap:  Aggregate resources availability verification tool(s)
    97 
    98  
    99 In-slice services utilized: 
    100  
    101  
    102 Persistent services utilized: 
    103 
    104  - GENI CA
    105  
    106  - GENI SA
    107  
    108  - GENI Storage Service (admin OOB, web, API)
    109  
    110  - If using GIMI I&M tools:  GENI Messaging Service  (API)
    111  
    112  - If using GIMI I&M tools:  GIMI Portal Service (admin OOB, web, API)
    113  
    114  - If using GEMINI I&M tools:  Unified Network Information Service (UNIS) (web?, API)
    115  
    116  - If using GEMINI I&M tools:  GEMINI Portal Service (admin OOB, web, API)
    117  
    118 
    119 Artifacts utilized:
    120 
    121  - Gap:  List of all desired experiment resources, including services, software, rspecs, scripts;  consider structure in GENI Storage Service
    122  
    123  - Experimenter usernames/passwords, certificates, keys, credentials
    124 
    125 Status at completion:
    126 
    127  - Established user workspace environment, as repository for experiment management tools and local copy of some artifacts
    128  
    129  - Gathered necessary keys, passwords, certificates and credentials for experimenter
    130 
    131  - Verified availability of necessary persistent services, and access to those services
    132 
    133  - Verified availability of desired resources in aggregates
    134  
    135  - Optionally, reserved scarce resources
    136 
    137 
    138 
    139 
    140 === 3)  Obtain slice of GENI resources, and then install I&M and experiment software ===
    141 
    142 3.1)  Select target aggregates
    143 
    144 3.2)  Select desired software images/packages for I&M tools and experiment application services
    145 
    146 3.3)  Formulate slice topology for experiment, and build request rspec
    147 
    148 3.4)  Acquire slice of resources and load images/packages for I&M and experiment application services
    149 
    150 3.5)  Verify expected slice topology and installed images/packages/software for I&M and experiment services, on computing and on networking resources, based on manifest rspec returned from aggregates
    151 
    152  
    153  
    154 Experiment management tools utilized:
    155 
    156  - User Workspace environment, including Linux with multiple windows, with browsers and command lines
    157  
    158  - If using InstaGENI rack(s):  FLACK graphical tool
    159  
    160  - If using ExoGENI rack(s):  Flukes graphical
    161  
    162  - Gap:  one grpahical tool to use for both InstaGENI and ExoGENI racks
    163  
    164  - Option:  Use of GENI CH Portal, then link to graphical assignement tool
    165 
    166  - For both InstaGENI and ExoGENI racks, OMNI script-driven tool
    167  
    168  - Gap:  Topology and installation verification tool(s);  could use features in FLACK;  could push manifest rspec to UNIS, and use a GUI on UNIS to visualize topology;  could verify correct software loaded using ssh queries or features currently in GUSH
     219 
     220 - Images/packages/software for I&M tools and experiment application services
     221 
     222 - Request rspec (build and then submit)
     223 
     224 - Manifest rspec (received)
     225
     226
     227Status at completion:
     228
     229 - Obtained slice of GENI resources, with desired topology
     230 
     231 - Installed images/packages/software for I&M and experiment services on computing and on networking resources
     232
     233
     234=== 4) Configure and initialize I&M and experiment services ===
     235
     2364.1)  Configure I&M services
     237
     238 - include desired measurement points within hosts, network resources and/or experiment services to instrument experiment, in a configuration designed to allow experiment goals to be met
     239 
     240 - bind I&M services together (e.g., between each MP and the MC)
     241 
     242 - initialize I&M services
     243
     244 - verify that I&M services are ready to run and collect measurement data
     245
     2464.2)  Configure experiment services
     247
     248 - bind experiment services together to realize desired topology and functionality
     249 
     250 - initialize experiment services
     251
     252 - verify that experiment services are ready to run and collect data, and can be observed by I&M services
     253
     254 
     255Experiment management tools utilized:
     256
     257 - Personal Linux user workspace environment for experimenter, with multiple windows, with browsers and command lines
     258 
     259 - Option:  GENI Clearinghouse Portal, a tool with a graphical interface that allows an experimenter to gather (or create) the necessary certificates, logins, keys and credentials, keep them in a registry, and access them via API for use by other tools.
     260 
     261  - Gap:  Experiment description tool, that allows the experimenter to precisely describe the steps of their experiment, and maintain a record of what was done.  A simple tool might allow the experimenter to record notes in an “online lab notebook”, while a much more complex tool might script much of the experiment.
     262 
     263 - Browser, to access tools.
     264 
     265 - To configure the GEMINI I&M tools, the experimenter includes the desired configuration in the request rspec (p/o Step 3), and then runs an instrumentize script (written in Python) that configures and initializes the tools.
     266 
     267 - To configure the GIMI I&M tools, the experimenter includes part of the configuration in post-boot scripts (p/o Step 3), then completes the configuration and initialization  using the OMF EC with ruby scripts.
     268 
     269 - Gap:  Experiment application configuration tool/scripts;  consider using OMF EC and OEDL
    169270
    170271 
     
    173274 - If using GIMI I&M tools:  GIMI measurement point services;  optional GIMI measurement collection and presentation service(s)
    174275 
    175  - If using GEMINI I&M tools:  GEMINI measurement point services;  GEMINI measurement sotrage and presentation service(s)
    176 
    177  - Experiment application service(s)
    178  
    179  
    180 Persistent services utilized: 
    181 
    182  - Repositories for images/packages/software
    183  
    184  - Unified Network Information Service (UNIS) (stores experiment topology, based on manifest rspec)
    185 
    186  - Gap:  UNIS provides web interface to display topology
    187 
    188 
    189 Artifacts utilized:
    190 
    191  - Gap:  List of all desired experiment resources, including services, software, rspecs, scripts;  consider structure in GENI Storage Service
    192  
    193  - Images/packages/software for I&M tools and experiment application services
    194  
    195  - Request rspec (build and then submit)
    196  
    197  - Manifest rspec (received)
    198 
    199 
    200 Status at completion:
    201 
    202  - Obtained slice of GENI resources, with desired topology
    203  
    204  - Installed images/packages/software for I&M and experiment services on computing and on networking resources
    205 
    206 
    207 === 4) Configure and initialize I&M and experiment services ===
    208 
    209 4.1)  Configure I&M services
    210 
    211  - include desired measurement points within hosts, network resources and/or experiment services to instrument experiment, in a configuration designed to allow experiment goals to be met
    212  
    213  - bind I&M services together (e.g., between each MP and the MC)
    214  
    215  - initialize I&M services
    216 
    217  - verify that I&M services are ready to run and collect measurement data
    218 
    219 4.2)  Configure experiment services
    220 
    221  - bind experiment services together to realize desired topology and functionality
    222  
    223  - initialize experiment services
    224 
    225  - verify that experiment services are ready to run and collect data, and can be observed by I&M services
    226 
    227  
    228 Experiment management tools utilized:
    229 
    230  - If using GEMINI I&M tools:  include configuration in request rspec (p/o Step 3), then run instrumentize script
    231  
    232  - If using GIMI I&M tools:  p/o configuration is done in post-boot scripts (p/o Step 3), then completed using OMF EC with ruby scripts
    233  
    234  - Gap:  Experiment application configuration tool/scripts;  consider using OMF EC and OEDL
    235 
    236  
    237 In-slice services utilized: 
    238 
    239  - If using GIMI I&M tools:  GIMI measurement point services;  optional GIMI measurement collection and presentation service(s)
    240  
    241  - If using GEMINI I&M tools:  GEMINI measurement point services;  GEMINI measurement sotrage and presentation service(s)
     276 - If using GEMINI I&M tools:  GEMINI measurement point services;  GEMINI measurement storage and presentation service(s)
    242277
    243278 - Experiment application service(s)
     
    316351Experiment management tools utilized:
    317352
    318  - User workspace, including windows with scripts and browsers
    319  
    320  - Gap:  experiment metadata creation and annotation service
    321  
    322  - If using GEMINI I&M tools:  browser;  Gap: consider adding OMF EC with ruby script   
    323  
    324  - If using GIMI tools:  OMF EC with ruby script
    325  
    326  - For xxperiment application:  Gap: consider adding OMF EC with ruby script
    327 
     353 - Personal Linux user workspace environment for experimenter, with multiple windows, with browsers and command lines
     354 
     355 - Option:  GENI Clearinghouse Portal, a tool with a graphical interface that allows an experimenter to gather (or create) the necessary certificates, logins, keys and credentials, keep them in a registry, and access them via API for use by other tools.
     356
     357 - Gap:  Experiment description tool, that allows the experimenter to precisely describe the steps of their experiment, and maintain a record of what was done.  A simple tool might allow the experimenter to record notes in an “online lab notebook”, while a much more complex tool might script much of the experiment.
     358 
     359 - GENI Storage Service client, that allows the experimenter to push/pull experiment artifacts  to/from the GENI Storage service, including rspecs, scripts, measurement data and associated descriptors.
     360 
     361 - Browser, to access graphical tools
     362
     363 - To run and orchestrate the GEMINI I&M tools, the experimenter utilizes a browser to interface with the configuration process running in the GEMINI global node, as part of the experimenter’s slice.
     364
     365 - To run and orchestrate the GIMI I&M tools, the experimenter uses an OMF EC with ruby scripts to communicate with the OMF RCs installed within each of the experimenter’s nodes.
     366
     367 - Gap:  Experiment application run and orchestration tool/scripts.  Consider using an OMF EC with ruby scripts to communicate with the OMF RCs installed within each of the experimenter’s nodes.
     368
     369 - Gap:  Combined run and orchestration tool for all I&M and experiment services.  Consider using an OMF EC with ruby scripts to communicate with the OMF RCs installed within each of the experimenter’s nodes.
     370
     371 - Gap:  Extend combined run and orchestration tool to include advanced topologies, such as those that include extensive L2 and/or OF paths.
     372
     373 - Gap:  Extend combined run and orchestration tool to include advanced topologies to allow an experimenter to manage opt-in traffic from the local site (e.g., a campus, via wired or wireless access arrangements).
     374
     375 - To observe measurement results in real time, both the GEMINI and GIMI I&M tools include portals that allow the experimenter to format and  view results using a browser. 
     376
     377 - After an experiment run has been completed, both the GEMINI and GIMI I&M tools include portals that allow the experimenter to push the measurement data to the GENI Storage service, for later retrieval and analysis.
    328378
    329379In-slice services utilized: 
     
    393443Experiment management tools utilized:
    394444
    395  - User workspace, including windows with scripts and browsers
    396  
     445 - Personal Linux user workspace environment for experimenter, with multiple windows, with browsers and command lines
     446 
     447  - Gap:  Experiment description tool, that allows the experimenter to precisely describe the steps of their experiment, and maintain a record of what was done.  A simple tool might allow the experimenter to record notes in an “online lab notebook”, while a much more complex tool might script much of the experiment.
     448 
     449 - GENI Storage Service client, that allows the experimenter to push/pull experiment artifacts  to/from the GENI Storage service, including rspecs, scripts, measurement data and associated descriptors.
     450 
     451 - Browser, to access graphical tools
     452 
     453 - Both the GEMINI and GIMI I&M tools include limited presentation functions in their respective portals.
     454
     455 - Gap:  Set of analysis and presentation tools, to be run in the user’s workspace, to provide all necessary format conversion, analysis and presentation functions.  Since such a set is completely open-ended, it is desirable to find an established structure for gathering and interfacing a multitude of tools.
     456
     457 - Option:  a different workspace, better configured for analyzing results
     458
     459
     460In-slice services utilized: 
     461
     462
     463Persistent services utilized: 
     464
     465 - GENI Storage Service (admin OOB, web, API)
     466
    397467 - Option if using GIMI I&M tools:  GIMI Portal Service (admin OOB, web, API)
    398468 
    399469 - Option if using GEMINI I&M tools:  GEMINI Portal Service (admin OOB, web, API)
    400 
    401  - Gap:  presentation tools;  consider r and gnuplot;  others?
    402 
    403  - Gap:  analysis tools;  which?
    404  
    405  - Option:  a different workspace, better configured for analyzing results
    406 
    407  - Gap:  metadata creation and editing service
    408 
    409 
    410 In-slice services utilized: 
    411 
    412 
    413 Persistent services utilized: 
    414 
    415  - GENI Storage Service (admin OOB, web, API)
    416 
    417470
    418471Artifacts utilized:
     
    494547Experiment management tools utilized:
    495548
    496  - User Workspace environment, including Linux with multiple windows, with browsers and command lines
    497 
     549 - Personal Linux user workspace environment for experimenter, with multiple windows, with browsers and command lines
     550 
     551  - Gap:  Experiment description tool, that allows the experimenter to precisely describe the steps of their experiment, and maintain a record of what was done.  A simple tool might allow the experimenter to record notes in an “online lab notebook”, while a much more complex tool might script much of the experiment.
     552 
     553 - GENI Storage Service client, that allows the experimenter to push/pull experiment artifacts  to/from the GENI Storage service, including rspecs, scripts, measurement data and associated descriptors.
     554 
     555 - Browser, to access graphical tools
     556
     557 - Search and curate GUI on the GENI Storage service, that the experimenter can access using a browser to define an object, and push it to the GENI Archive service, with an assigned persistent identifier (handle).
    498558
    499559In-slice services utilized: 
     
    523583 
    524584 - when object can be shared with others, it can be searched from the Internet, and retrieved using the handle identifier
    525