wiki:GENIEducation/SampleAssignments/IPRouting/ProcedureWithAnsible

Version 10 (modified by divyashri.bhat@gmail.com, 8 years ago) (diff)

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IPv4 Routing Assignment

Overview:

In this experiment you will learn how to set up static routing with the route command. We will orchestrate this experiment in Ansible and use the ping command to verify connectivity. We will use the following network topology for this experiment:
route topology
   

Prerequisites:

For this tutorial you need :

Tools:

All the tools will already be installed on your nodes. For your reference we are going to use:
   

Where to get help:

  • Take a look at the Tips section in the end of the exercise
  • Contact your TA and/or Professor for help. If you are doing this exercise outside the context of a course, please email help@geni.net

Design/Setup

1. Verify your Environment Setup:

This exercise assumes you have already setup your account at the GENI Portal. In particular ensure that:
  1. You can login to the GENI Portal
  2. You are a member of a GENI Project (there is at least one project listed under the ''Projects'' tab)
  3. You have setup your ssh keys (there is at least one key listed under the ''Profile->SSH Keys'' tab)

2. Setup the Topology:

  1. Login to the GENI Portal
  2. Reserve resources from an ExoGENI rack using the RSpec called ECE374_UMass_EG from the Portal
Action:Take a screenshot of your slice when all the nodes are ready and include it in your write up

3. Ansible Login

  1. If you have Omni installed on your machine use the command "$readyToLogin MYSLICE --useSliceAggregates --ansible-inventory -o" to create an inventory for the Ansible playbook and proceed to Step 4.
  2. If you do not have Omni installed, click on the "Details" button on the Slice page in the GENI Portal
  3. Scroll to the bottom of the screen and click on the link "Show Ansible Inventory" as shown in the following screenshot
    Ansible Inventory
  • Using your favorite text editor, save the output to a file called inventory as explained in the AnsibleHelloGENI tutorial
  • The following steps (4-6) are all part of a single Ansible playbook. The entire script can be found at this link. Here, we provide an explanation for the relevant sections of the script.

    4. Test connectivity using ping

    This sections checks the local connectivity of each node to its neighboring node.

    - name: test NodeA
       hosts: NodeA
       sudo: True
       tasks:
        - name: ping seta1
           shell:  "ping -c 5 192.168.1.11"
           register: pingA1_test
           failed_when: "'Timeout' in pingA1_test.stdout_lines"
        - debug: var=pingA1_test.stdout_lines
        - name: ping seta2
           shell:  "ping -c 5 192.168.3.12"
           register: pingA2_test
           failed_when: "'Timeout' in pingA2_test.stdout_lines"
        - debug: var=pingA2_test.stdout_lines
      
    - name: test NodeB 
      hosts: NodeB
      sudo: True
      tasks:
       - name: ping setb1
          shell:  "ping -c 5 192.168.1.10"
          register: pingB1_test
          failed_when: "'Timeout' in pingB1_test.stdout_lines"
       - debug: var=pingB1_test.stdout_lines
       - name: ping setb2
          shell:  "ping -c 5 192.168.2.12"
          register: pingB2_test
          failed_when: "'Timeout' in pingB2_test.stdout_lines"
       - debug: var=pingB2_test.stdout_lines
       
    - name: test NodeC 
      hosts: NodeC
      sudo: True
      tasks:
       - name: ping setc1
          shell:  "ping -c 5 192.168.3.10"
          register: pingC1_test
          failed_when: "'Timeout' in pingC1_test.stdout_lines"
       - debug: var=pingC1_test.stdout_lines
       - name: ping setc2
          shell:  "ping -c 5 192.168.2.11"
          register: pingC2_test
          failed_when: "'Timeout' in pingC2_test.stdout_lines"
       - debug: var=pingC2_test.stdout_lines
                   
    

    5. Setup the routing

    The goal of this exercise is to setup the routing as indicated in Figure 1; i.e. packets from A sent to IP address 192.168.2.12 on node C should be routed via node B. In order to create this routing behavior you will need to modify the routing tables in your nodes using the linux route command
    #Enter static routing commands here
    - name: route NodeA 
      hosts: NodeA
      sudo: True
      tasks:
       - name: rout seta1
          shell:  ""
          register: routA1_test
       - debug: var=routA1_test.stderr_lines
      
    - name: route NodeB 
      hosts: NodeB
      sudo: True
      tasks:
       - name: rout setb1
          shell:  ""
          register: routB1_test
       - debug: var=routB1_test.stderr_lines
    
    - name: route NodeC
      hosts: NodeC
      sudo: True
      tasks:
       - name: rout setc1
          shell:  ""
          register: routC1_test
       - debug: var=routC1_test.stderr_lines
    
    
    

    Questions:

    1. Setup the routing from A to 192.68.2.12 so that it goes through B. Was it enough to just modify the routing tables? What else did you need to change in order for the traffic to flow?

    6. Test routing using ping

    This part of the script is used to test the new route setup.

    #Test New route setup
    - name: testroute NodeA 
      hosts: NodeA
      sudo: True
      tasks:
       - name: ping seta1
         shell:  "ping -c 5 192.168.2.12"
         register: pingA1_test
         failed_when: "'Timeout' in pingA1_test.stdout_lines"
       - debug: var=pingA1_test.stdout_lines
       
    

    Once you have filled in the route commands, execute the ansible playbook using the following command:

    ansible-playbook <myfile.yml> -i inventory
    


    Finish

    4. Cleanup

    After you are done with the exercise and you have captured everything requested for the writeup, you should release your resources so that other experimenters can use them. In order to cleanup your slice :
    1. In Jacks, press the Delete button in the top of your canvas
    2. Select Delete at used managers and confirm your selection.
    Wait and after a few moments all the resources will have been released and you will have an empty canvas again. Notice that your slice is still there. There is no way to delete a slice, it will be removed automatically after its expiration date, but remember that a slice is just an empty container so it doesn't take up any resources.

    What to hand in:

    1. Drag the graphs into your Markdown and include answers to the questions above in the same document.
    2. When you are ready to submit your assignment, i.e, verified that the required routing is in place, Click on the Share Page button at the top left corner of the Plan column. This sends a link to your grader to evaluate your output.

    Tips

    • If you have trouble with your assignment, look carefully in the logs on the Execute panel. It gives you an output similar to one you will see in bash shell and you will be able to figure out why your script doesn't work as expected.
    • If you get a "Command not found " error when executing standard commands like ifconfig add sbin to your path:
         export PATH=$PATH:/sbin
      
    • Remember that you can use “ifconfig” to determine which Ethernet interface (e.g., eth0) is bound to what IP address at each of the nodes.
    • In order to enable IP forwarding of packets on a node you have to execute the following command:
      sudo sh -c 'echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward'
      
    • A new slice will always be in its initial state with NO routing set up!
    • A useful tool to debug the packet flow is tcpdump. In order to install it run:
         sudo apt-get install tcpdump
      

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